What is polyurethane (PUR/PIR)?
Polyurethane, also known as polyurethane, and colloquially called PUR, is produced by mixing two liquids, polyol and isocyanate. The carefully calculated reaction process that starts when the two liquids are mixed is called foaming. The result of the process is a viscous, foaming molding compound that quickly forms PUR in solid form. PUR can be produced with different stiffness and density.
Dan-iso offers insulation solutions based on polyurethane in the form of molded insulation shells and custom-made applications milled out of foam blocks with our 5-axis CNC.
PIR block foam (polyisocyanurate) is a modified PUR system. PIR Block foam is distinguished by its relatively low flammability and by its resistance to higher temperatures. Dan-iso PIR block foam meets the "Euroclass E" fire test (EN-ISO 11925-2).
Casting of pipe bowls
When the liquids are injected into special molds, pipe cups can be cast. Dan-iso's main product is insulating cups for pipe joints in the district heating sector and the industrial sector. In addition to ordinary pipe cups, Dan-iso can supply pipe cups in varying shapes and of different types, e.g. cups with mineral wool or flexible foam inserts or cups with an outer covering of e.g. foil or nappa.
The expertise lies in knowing all the variation possibilities, in order to get the best out of the material. Dan-iso has more than 30 years of experience to build on when it comes to casting pipe shells.
Rigid PUR is one of the most effective insulation materials available. The insulation value is over 30 % better than stone wool, mineral wool and EPS insulation.
What is PUR pipe insulation used for?
How is PUR and PIR Pipe Insulation Made?
Dan-iso offers technical insulation based on polyurethane in the form of pipe shells and custom-made parts. The pipe shells are used to insulate pipes and prevent heat loss. Our custom-made solutions are created using CNC technology, which makes it possible to produce precise and customized insulation materials from large PUR and PIR foam blocks. This technology ensures high precision and effective solutions for technical insulation.
The difference between PUR and PIR pipe insulation
PIR (polyisocyanurate) is a modified version of PUR, where the chemical composition of the material has been changed to improve certain properties. PIR pipe insulation differs from PUR by having a lower flammability and a higher resistance to heat. This makes PIR a better choice in situations where fire resistance and temperature control are required. PUR and PIR pipe insulation are both used in technical insulation, but PIR is more often chosen for applications where fire resistance is an important requirement.
The insulation properties of PUR and PIR
Both PUR and PIR are known for their excellent thermal insulation properties. They have low thermal conductivity, which means they effectively retain heat inside systems and prevent heat loss. This makes them ideal for use in both construction and industry, where it is important to maintain a stable temperature in pipelines, HVAC systems and other heat-sensitive applications. In addition, both PUR and PIR have high mechanical strength, making them resistant to physical stress.
Fire resistance and safety when using PIR
PIR pipe insulation is known for its improved fire resistance compared to PUR. This makes it a popular choice in situations where fire safety is a priority, such as in buildings and industrial installations. PIR meets more stringent fire test requirements and often achieves the fire classification “Euroclass E”, which means it has a lower flammability and reduces the risk of fire spreading. This is an important property in areas where the insulation needs to protect against high temperatures and fire hazards.
Areas of application for PUR and PIR pipe insulation
PUR and PIR pipe insulation is used in a wide range of technical and industrial applications. Both materials are used for pipe insulation in construction and industrial production, where it is necessary to prevent heat loss and ensure efficient energy use. PUR and PIR pipe shells are also commonly used in HVAC systems, heating installations and pipelines transporting hot or cold fluids. They help to maintain the desired temperature constant, minimizing energy consumption.
Advantages of PUR and PIR insulation in industrial applications
In industrial applications, it is crucial to choose insulation materials that are both efficient and durable. PUR and PIR pipe insulation offer a good balance between thermal efficiency and mechanical strength, making them ideal for withstanding the demands of industrial environments. Both materials contribute to maintaining a stable climate, reducing energy consumption and minimizing operating costs in industrial facilities, making them an effective choice for long-term solutions.
Comparison of PUR and PIR insulation
When choosing between PUR and PIR pipe insulation, the specific needs of the project in question must be considered. PUR is a versatile material with good insulation properties, while PIR is better for applications requiring high fire resistance and resistance to high temperatures. Both materials are effective in reducing heat loss, but the choice depends on the fire requirements and temperature conditions of the specific environment.
Beneficial properties:
PUR does not absorb moisture, which ensures that the material remains dry and stable. This property prevents damage due to water absorption and maintains its strength. PUR is ideal for use in humid environments as it does not lose its insulating properties.
PUR (polyurethane) is temperature stable and works effectively at both high and low temperatures. The material retains its properties over a wide temperature range. It resists temperature variations and ensures long-term performance. PUR is ideal for applications in environments with extreme temperature conditions.
PUR is chemically resistant and resists attack from many chemicals and solvents. The material retains its properties even in challenging environments. It is ideal for use in industries where chemicals may be present. PUR ensures durability and long life when exposed to chemical substances.
PUR (polyurethane foam) is torsionally stable and retains its shape under load. It resists deformation and ensures long-term durability. The material is ideal for constructions where stability is important. PUR maintains its strength and structure even under harsh conditions.
Recycling of polyurethane
Polyurethane and Thermoplastic
Polyurethane is a curing plastic, also known as a thermosetting plastic or curable plastic. This type of plastic has the characteristic property that it can harden or harden irreversibly through a chemical reaction. For polyurethane, this curing occurs when the two components, isocyanate and polyol, are mixed together. When they are mixed, a rigid foam is formed, which causes the plastic to harden. Once cured, a thermosetting plastic cannot be reheated or melted into a liquid state, which distinguishes it from thermoplastic materials.
Properties and Recycling
Curing plasters are often used in a number of applications where it is important to achieve great strength, resistance to chemicals and temperature stability. This stability makes polyurethane particularly suitable for insulating technical installations under demanding conditions. The high resistance to both temperature and chemicals is a great advantage in industrial environments. However, the same stability means that it is difficult to reuse polyurethane foam. Unlike thermoplastic materials, which can be melted and reshaped, thermosetting plastics cannot be recycled in the same way.
Dan-iso was the first in the world to develop a method for mechanical recycling of rigid polyurethane foam. This method makes it possible to recycle up to 45% of the material in new products, which is a pioneering step towards a more sustainable and economical use of polyurethane.
Work with polyurethane foam
Advantages of Rigid Polyurethane Foam (PUR Foam)
Rigid polyurethane foam (PUR foam) is a thermosetting plastic known for its safe handling and use. The material has several advantages that make it a popular choice in industrial and construction engineering applications. One of the most notable features of rigid PUR foam is its ease of handling. It can be easily cut, shaped and adapted to different applications without the need for advanced equipment or technical skills. This feature makes it ideal for both DIY projects and professional applications.
PUR foam is also known for its low weight in relation to its strength and insulating properties. This makes it easy to transport and install, while providing excellent insulation. It is ideal for insulating walls, ceilings, floors in buildings, as well as pipes and technical installations.
Resilience and Energy Efficiency
An important advantage of rigid PUR foam is its resistance to moisture and mold growth. This feature makes it a reliable choice in wet rooms and other environments where humidity may be a concern. Finally, PUR foam is known for its energy efficiency. It provides excellent thermal insulation, which helps to reduce energy consumption and maintain comfortable temperatures indoors. This makes it a greener choice, as it can help reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions.
Overall, rigid polyurethane foam is a versatile and reliable material that combines ease of handling, strength, insulation and durability. A favorite in the building and construction industry, it provides effective solutions for a wide range of applications.
Safety when foaming polyurethane foam
Safety measures when working with polyurethane
Working with ready-made foam does not require any special safety measures. However, this is not the case when working with polyurethane foam.
Foaming polyurethane involves mixing the raw materials isocyanate and polyol to produce polyurethane foam. From 24 August 2023, appropriate training will be required before industrial or commercial use of products containing more than 0.1% by weight of isocyanates.
Training requirements and courses for safe working with isocyanates
Only persons who have undergone special training may work with polyurethane foaming. The education is offered by institutions for vocational education, such as AMU centers and technical schools.
Employers or self-employed persons who use the products themselves or weld must also have undergone the training before starting work. Everyone who works with isocyanate must complete a two-day course.
In addition, all employees who work with isocyanates and have an increased risk of being exposed to the substance must complete a new AMU course on personal safety. The course lasts 1 day.
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